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Roman Numeral Converter

Convert Arabic numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to Arabic (1–3999), with a nearby reference table for quick lookups.

Arabic → Roman Roman → Arabic 1 to 3999 Nearby reference Year conversions Instant result
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Roman numeral reference table

Arabic Roman Arabic Roman
1 I 50 L
4 IV 90 XC
5 V 100 C
9 IX 400 CD
10 X 500 D
14 XIV 900 CM
40 XL 1000 M
2026 MMXXVI 3999 MMMCMXCIX

Frequently asked questions

What are the seven Roman numeral symbols?

I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000. All Roman numerals from 1 to 3,999 are built from these seven symbols. The standard system stops at 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX) — there is no symbol for 5,000 in the modern system.

What are the subtractive rules in Roman numerals?

Six valid subtractive combinations: IV=4, IX=9, XL=40, XC=90, CD=400, CM=900. Rules: only I, X and C can be subtracted. I only before V and X. X only before L and C. C only before D and M. VX and LC are invalid.

What year is MMXXVI in Roman numerals?

MMXXVI = 2026. MM=2000, XX=20, VI=6. Other years: MMXX=2020, MMXXI=2021, MMXXII=2022, MMXXIII=2023, MMXXIV=2024, MMXXV=2025, MMXXVII=2027, MMXXX=2030. Historical: MCMXCIX=1999, MM=2000.

Why are Roman numerals still used today?

Clock faces (IIII instead of IV is a clock-making tradition), movie/TV copyright dates, formal outlines (I, II, III...), royal/papal names (Henry VIII, John Paul II), Super Bowl (LVIII), volume and chapter numbering, and architecture/monuments for aesthetic formality and timelessness.

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